颅底骨折致颅神经损伤110例临床分析

Clinical Analysis of 110 Cases with Cranial Nerve Injury Caused by Fracture of Cranial Base

目的 探讨颅底骨折致颅神经损伤的临床诊治。方法 对 110例颅底骨折致颅神经损伤患者进行回顾性分析。结果 110例患者均有颅底骨折的典型临床表现。 7例行视神经管减压术 ,3例恢复良好 ,3例恢复一般 ,1例无恢复 ;4例行面神经减压术 ,2例恢复良好 ,2例无明显改善 ;99例保守治疗 ,78例恢复良好 ,18例无明显改善 ,3例后组颅神经损伤均死亡。结论 颅底骨折致颅神经损伤均有典型的临床表现 ,易诊断 ;大部分颅神经损伤保守治疗恢复良好 ,而对进行性加重确有骨折压迫的视神经。

Objective To probe into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with cranial nerve injury caused by fracture of cranial base. Methods Made retrospective analysis on 110 patients with cranial nerve injury caused by fracture of cranial base. Results There were typical clinical expressions of fracture of cranial base in all 110 patients, of the 7 patients receiving optic canal decompression, 3 in good recovery conditions, 3 in fair recovery conditions and 1 showed no improvements; of the 4 patients receiving facial nerve decompression, 2 good recoveries and 2 showed no significant improvements; of the 99 patients receiving conservative treatment, 78 recovered well, 18 showed no significant improvements, all 3 patients with rear element injury of cranial nerve died. Conclusion There were typical clinical expressions of fracture of cranial base in patients with cranial nerve injury caused by fracture of cranial base and was easily diagnosed; conservative treatment proved good improvements while surgeries in patients with progressive, aggravating and fracture that caused oppressed optic nerve and facial nerve injury should be conducted.