生物浸出技术在铜工业中的应用

Application of Biohydrometallurgy in Copper Industry

一般所说的生物冶金是指铜、镍、锌等硫化矿的生物提取方法,即在相关微生物存在时,由于微生物的催化氧化作用,应用浸矿微生物存在的酸性溶液使硫化矿物氧化分解浸出金属,溶液中的有价金属离子则通过萃取—电积、或其它湿法冶金方法制备高纯金属。目前生物冶金技术已广泛应用,并在铜的提取上实现了工业应用。本文系统地介绍了国内外生物技术在铜工业中的发展概况,总结了浸矿微生物的种类,探讨了微生物冶金过程中的直接作用和间接作用,指出了生物冶金技术的发展方向。

Gommon what is called microbial metallurgy is the way of extracting copper, nickel and zinc from sulfide minerals, namely with presence of the correlative microorganism, under the function of its catalyzing and oxidation, specialists capitalize on acid solution that produced by the microorganism, sulfide minerals are oxidized and metals are leached, value metal ion in solution can be manufactured to higher metal by the method of SX -EW or other ways of hydrometallurgy. Technology of microbial metallurgy is applied widely at present, and it' s utilized in industrial extraction of copper. This paper introduces inside and outside development general situation of biology technology in copper industry in the numbers, summarizes the species of bacterial leaching microorganism, discusses direct (contact) leaching & indirect leaching, and points out the progressingway of biohydrometallurgy.