英国公共研究机构改革及对我国的启示

The Reform of British Public Research Institutions and Its Reveal to China

介绍英国公共研究机构改革的背景和历史进程。英国政府对公共研究机构的改革同政府职能转移的大背景分不开。英国80年代开始私有化浪潮,主要是国有工业的改革;但"下一步创始计划"(NextStepsInitiative)则关注政府部门机构的改革。英国公共研究机构改革分为两步:第一步是转变为政府执行机构,第二步是进行私有化改革。英国国家实验室的私有化改革主要有三种形式:出售,转制为非营利机构(担保有限公司)和政府拥有—委托管理(GOCO)。在此,对每种改革模式进行了案例分析,并针对英国公共研究机构的改革经验为我国科研机构改革提出几点启示和借鉴意见。

It introduces the reform background and historical process of British Public Research Institutions. The reform of British Public Research Institutions has close relation with the transfer of government functions. In 1980s,British started to revitalization,which was mainly concerned with the reform of stateowned industries. But its next step reform was focused on the reform of government organs. The reform of British Public Research Institutions has following two steps:the first step is to transfer the government administrative institutions;the second step is to carry out revitalization reform. The revitalization reform of British State Laboratory was carried in three forms:sale,be transferred into nonprofit institutions,and governmentowned consign management. Herein,it offers analysis on each form of the reform. Finally,it discusses the reveals of British experience to the reform of China's scientific institutions.