吴逨鼎月相历日发现的重大科学意义

The Scientific Significance for Discovering the Phase and the Date of Calendar on the Wu Lai Tripod Cauldron

有人据今年初眉县杨家村出土窖藏西周青铜器组综合考虑 ,将有王年月相干支记载的鼎定为宣王时器。仅从历史学的角度来看 ,笔者没有异议。但按《史记·十二诸侯年表》所载宣王纪年推得的四十二年、四十三年月相干支记录不合。宣王纪年是明确的 ,且有许多出土青铜器所载王年月相干支记录所证实 ,不能随便更改。而厉王三十七年奔彘以后的共和年间 ,若仍以厉王纪年 ,则月相干支正好相合。故文章以为鼎四十二、三年即厉王四十二、三年。鼎铭文中的“王若曰”是执政诸侯以厉王的名议在行政。鼎、盘铭文不足以确定二者先后。

Someone had confirmed the Wu Lai tripod cauldron,which has on it king-year,phase and Chinese era records,as a kind of instrument in King Xuan's era according to a compositive consideration about the cached Western Zhou instrument group which was unearthed early this year from the Yang-family village in Mei county.But according to A Chronicled List for Twelve Dukes in Records of the Historian, the phase and Chinese era records of the 42nd and 43rd year,which is calculated from the numbering of years of King Xuan,do not agree.Besides it was approved by the king-year,phase and Chinese era records on the unearthed bronze instruments,so the numbered years of King Xuan are explicit and shouldn't be altered casually.If the years were still numbered based on King Li during the years of Gong He after King Li had gone to Zhi(NE5E9) for shelter in the 37th year of King Li's reign,the phase and Chinese era would coincide exactly.So this article confirms that the 42nd and 43rd year on the Lai tripod cauldron are the 42nd and 43rd year of King Li.The words “if the king said”in the table of Lai tripod cauldron refer that the ministerial dukes reigned in the name of King Li.Lai tripod cauldron and the table of Lai plate are not enough to ascertain the sequence of them.