巴勒斯坦建设项目延期和超支分析——加沙地带案例(英文)

ANALYSIS OF CONSTRUCTION DELAYS AND COST OVERRUNS IN PALESTINE——THE CASE OF GAZA STRIP

成功的项目管理来自于对费用、质量和进度计划的控制。项目管理是施工过程中的关键部分。没有项目管理,即使是经过周密计划的项目也很有可能会失败。反之,在适当的时候运用有效的建设管理技术,可能将一个蹒跚不前的项目挽救过来。加沙地区的建设项目的设计人员常常没有技术上、环境上、社会上和统计上的数据来支持设计,而外国的承包商和咨询公司可能既不熟悉这个国家的材料和人力的资源情况,也不了解国家和当地的与项目有关的规章制度。因为以上和其他的一些原因,加沙地区的项目常常会工期延长,费用超支,从而减少预期的收益。本研究的目标是调查和分析加沙地带建设项目中延期的特征、时间长短和花费。研究数据来自于加沙地区的35个建设项目。本文首先探讨了导致延期的环境,基于责任制的延期分类,以及它们对项目费用和进度计划的影响。文章搜集数据,进行分析,并得到结论。本研究所得出的最重要的结论是:对于减小工期延长和费用超支,最重要的措施是在项目最开始的阶段就对项目有充分的规划。

Successful project management depends upon control over costs, quality, and scheduling. Project management is one of the key activities in the construction process. Without it the best planned project has an overwhelming chance of failure. On the other hand, a faltering project may be saved from disaster if strong construction managing techniques are implemented at the right time. Designers of construction projects in Gaza Strip frequently do not have the technical, environmental, social, and statistical data to complete the design. Foreign contractors and consultants may not be familiar with the material and human resources of the country nor have knowledge of the social and local regulations factor affecting the project. Because of these and other reasons projects in Gaza Strip often suffer from delays and cost overruns which may offset some of their intended benefits. The goal of the present research is to investigate and analyze the nature, length, and cost of delays that occurred in construction projects in Gaza Strip. Data for this study was obtained from 35 construction projects in several locations in the Gaza Strip. This paper first discusses the circumstances that give rise to delays, the classification of these according to responsibility, and the effects they have on the project cost and schedule. The data are presented, analyzed, and conclusions are drawn. Perhaps the most significant conclusion from the present study is that adequate planning at very early stages of the project is important to limiting delays and cost overruns.