小浪底水库的修建对下游河道的冲淤影响

Effect of the construction of Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the sedimentation in the lower Huanghe River

通过小浪底水库拦沙期下泄清水冲刷下游河道的计算与三门峡水库初期运用实测资料对比研究,根据冲刷强度、河道整治工程状况及河床条件的分析表明,小浪底水库拦沙期,黄河下游河道不会发生类似60年代初期河势变化造成的紧张抢险局面。但由于生产堤约束形成的槽高于滩的河道形态,宽河段河势变化仍有可能形成横河、滚河的不利情况。同时,文章还结合三门峡水库运用实测资料预估了小浪底水库对下游窄河道的减淤作用。

Through the comparative study involving the calculation of the river channel scour in the lower Huanghe River during the period that Xiaolangdi Reservoir is to be operated in impoundment of sediment and clear flow is to be released from the reservoir and the analysis on the measured data taken in the initial period of the operation of Sanmenxia Reservoir, it is proved that the critical situation of flood protection in the lower Huanghe River due to the river tendency changes during the period that Xiaolangdi Reservoir is to be operated in impoundment of sediment will not appear based on the scour intensity, the status of river training works and river bed conditions although such situation did occur in early 1960's. However. the so-called crossing river and rolling river will still possibly happen resulted from the river channel geometries that the channel bottom is higher than the floodplain because of the restriction of the productive dikes, and resulted from the river tendency changes in the wide river reaches also. Meanwhile, prediction of deposition reduction in the lower Huanghe River due to Xiaolangdi Reservoir by employing the measured data in Sanmenxia Reservoir is presented in this paper, too.