开封市土壤地球化学元素分布特征研究

Geochemical Distribution Characteristics of Soil Elements in Kaifeng City

土壤的元素构成及含量与土壤质量有密切的联系,土壤地球化学元素的分布特征研究对农业区域发展规划具有重要的参考价值。该文以开封市土壤为研究对象探讨了28种土壤地球化学元素的分布状况。研究采用统计分析、地统计分析、综合比较等方法,找出了研究区内土壤地球化学元素的分布特征。结果表明,开封市表层土壤多数地球化学元素空间自相关性强;水平方向上,不同质地的土壤元素含量差异明显;纵向上,表层土壤地球化学元素区域富集系数普遍偏低,而N、P、K、Corg及重金属元素受人类活动的影响较大表现出局部富集;开封表层土壤多数地球化学元素含量平均值比河南省和全国背景值低,而CaO、MgO、Corg、Na2O、Al2O3含量平均值明显比全国背景值高。

Element compositions and contents of soil are closely related to soil quality. And they have significant effects on the yield and quality of crops. Thus they can be used as the important basis of crop production layout. Studying the distribution characteristics of soil geochemical elements has an important reference value for agriculture regional development planning. This paper mainly works over the distribution status of 28 kinds of soil geochemical elements in Kaifeng. To find out the distribution characteristics of the soil geochemical elements, the authors adopt statistical analysis, geostatistical analysis, comparison methods etc. The results show that most soil geochemical elements have a strong space self-correlation. What's more, the soil element contents in different soil textures have obvious difference along soil horizons. And the regional concentration factors of chemical elements in surface soil are generally low. But affected by human activities, elements of N, P, K, as well as Corg and heavy metals in some areas are concentrated. On a macro scale, the average concentration values of geochemical elements in soil surface of Kaifeng are mostly lower than those of Henan province and our country, while the average concentration values of CaO, MgO, Corg, Na2O and Al2O3are obviously higher than the soil element background values of our country.