电导率法在土壤盐渍化中的改进和应用进展

Application and Improvement of Electrical Conductivity Measurements in Soil Salinity

土壤盐渍化是常见的地质灾害之一,对土壤盐分状况及盐渍化程度的空间分布特征进行了解是有效治理的前提条件。电导率法作为一种快速稳定测定土壤盐分时空分布特性的方法被广泛应用于土壤盐渍化研究中。土壤溶液电导率(ECw)、土壤浸出液电导率(ECe)及土壤表观电导率(ECa)都可以对土壤盐渍化程度进行量化,土壤溶液电导率(ECw)可以通过原位取样器和盐分传感器进行测量,通过制备饱和土浆则可以对土壤浸出液电导率(ECe)进行测量,电阻率法和电磁感应法则可以测定土壤的表观电导率(ECa)。本文就不同电导率法的测量原理及实际测量对象、常用技术设备、优缺点进行综述。

Soil salinization is a common geological disaster. Soil salinity conditions and salinization degree of spatial distribution characteristics is a prerequisite for effective governance. Electrical conductivity method as a fast and stable determination method of temporal and spatial distribution characteristics in soil salinity has been widely applied in the study of soil salinization. Electrical conductivity of the soil solutions(ECw), electrical conductivity of the saturation-extract(ECe) and apparent electrical conductivity(ECa) were the indices of soil salinity. Electrical conductivity of the soil solutions(ECw) could be measured by extractor and salinity sensors, and electrical conductivity of the saturation-extract(ECe) could be determined by a saturated soil-paste, and soil apparent electrical conductivity(ECa) could be determined by electrical resistivity method and electromagnetic induction. The objective of this review was to provide the readers with an understanding of the basic theories and principles regarding the EC measurement and what it actually measured. An overview of various EC measurement techniques and its advantages and shortcomings would be better understood the application of electrical conductivity measurements in soil salinity.