温带落叶阔叶林土壤螨群落多尺度空间自相关性

Multi-scale Spatial Autocorrelation of Soil Mite Community in a Temperate Deciduous Broad-leaved Forest, Northeast China

土壤动物多尺度空间自相关性是土壤动物空间异质性和空间共存格局研究的重要基础。本文在黑龙江省帽儿山森林生态系统研究站的温带落叶阔叶林,于2012年8月设置三个5 m×5 m的样地,分别以0.5 m为步长划分成100个0.5 m×0.5 m的小样方,采用地统计中的全局Moran’s I和局部Moran’s I指数相结合的方法,研究土壤螨群落多尺度空间自相关性特征。全局空间自相关指标表明,除了四种数量稀少的螨类,土壤螨群落和多数螨类的个体数量分别在三个样地内存在显著的多尺度全局空间自相关性,在0.5~5 m尺度形成显著的空间聚集格局。局部空间自相关指数表明,除了样地II的矮汉甲螨属(Nanhermannia sp.)和样地III的菌甲螨属(Scheloribates sp.)、珠足甲螨属(Belba sp.2),土壤螨群落和其他螨类的个体数量在局部地区'聚集'斑块和'孤立'斑块并存。本研究表明,小尺度范围内,多尺度的空间自相关性及'聚集'斑块和'孤立'斑块并存的空间格局可能是温带落叶阔叶林土壤螨分布的典型特征。

Multi-scale autocorrelation is one of the fundamental factors in soil animal spatial heterogeneity and spatial co-occurrence pattern. Soil mite communities were sampled in the Maoershan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station(127°30′ ~ 127°34′ E,45°20′N ~ 45°25′ N) in Heilongjiang Province in 2012. Three replications were set up in a temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest. Each was divided into 121 subsamples within 0.5 m interval distances,respectively. Global and local Moran's I were used to test the multi-scale autocorrelation using abundance of mite communities or mite species. According to the results of Global Moran's I, mite communities and mite species except for four rare species showed significant multi-scale spatial autocorrelations, and spatial aggregation pattern at 0.5~5 m spatial scale. In terms of the results of Local Moran's I, the mite communities and mite species except for Nanhermannia sp. in Sample I and Scheloribates sp., Belba sp. 2 in Sample III, showed significant local autocorrelations, which formed the pattern of 'spatial clusters' coexisting with 'spatial outliers'. Consequently,multi-scale autocorrelation and pattern of 'spatial clusters' coexisting with 'spatial outliers' may be typical characteristic for mite communities and most mite species at small scale in temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest in the Maoershan Mountain Forest Ecosystem Research Station.