生物质电厂灰等材料对红壤酸度和养分的改良效应

Effects of Biomass Power Plant Ashes and other Materials on Acidity and Properties of Red soils

通过土培试验研究电厂灰的不同用量及电厂灰分别与石灰和磷灰石的不同配比对江西酸性红壤的改良作用。结果表明,随着电厂灰用量增加,土壤p H值升高,土壤交换性Al3+和交换性H+含量降低;土壤中有效养分含量增加,尤其是速效钾和交换性K+增加显著,最大增幅可达26.9%和66.7%,电厂灰最佳用量4500 kg hm-2。生物质电厂灰/磷灰石的配比中,综合效果以3/1为最佳,平均提高土壤p H值0.12个单位,降低土壤交换性Al3+和交换性H+的含量分别为0.68和0.10cmol(+)kg-1,对土壤中盐基离子(K+、Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+)和速效养分含量都有显著提高,其中土壤交换性Ca2+和交换性Mg2+增加最显著,增幅达58.1%和34.6%。而电厂灰/石灰的配比以1/1为最优,平均提高土壤0.2个p H单位,降低土壤交换性Al3+和交换性H+的含量分别为1.19和0.20 cmol(+)kg-1,养分方面以提高土壤速效磷含量最为突出,增幅为5.6%。因此,生物质电厂灰与石灰和磷灰石按照一定的比例组合才能达到理想的土壤改良效果。

Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the amelioration effect of different dosages of ash and the different proportions between ash and lime or apatite on the acidity and properties of a red soil in Jiangxi province.The results showed that soil p H increased with the addition of ash, while the content of exchangeable aluminum and exchangeable acid decreased. The contents of available K and exchangeable K increased significantly, and the largest increase reached to 26.9% and 66.7% respectively when the content of ash was 4500 kg hm-2. The best comprehensive effect was found in the proportion of 3/1 between biomass power plant ashes and apatite. But, the optimal proportion between ash and lime was 1/1.