施用生物质炭对葡萄生长及土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Biochar Amendment on Wine Grape Growth and Soil Fertility

酿酒葡萄的品质对酿造高品质的葡萄酒具有举足轻重的作用。以酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"为试材,研究了小麦秸秆生物质炭及竹炭有机肥的施用对土壤性质、酿酒葡萄植株生长及果实品质的影响。结果表明:(1)无论小麦秸秆生物质炭还是竹炭有机肥均显著增加土壤有机碳及土壤养分含量,而施用小麦秸秆生物质炭还可显著降低土壤表层容重、提高土壤p H;(2)小麦秸秆生物质炭与竹炭有机肥可不同程度促进葡萄植株的叶片生长,但两者对"赤霞珠"酿酒葡萄的品质影响不同,竹炭有机肥施用可显著促进葡萄的糖分积累并提高糖酸比,而小麦秸秆生物质炭施用短期内对酿酒葡萄品质无显著作用。因此,本研究表明短期内可通过施用竹炭有机肥改善酿酒葡萄"赤霞珠"的品质,但小麦秸秆生物质炭对其品质的长期效应还有待于进一步研究。

The quality of wine grape played a vital role on brewing high quality wine. In this study, Cabernet Sauvignon wine grape was used to investigate the effects of the application of wheat straw biochar(WSB) and bamboo charcoal organic fertilizer(BCOF) on soil property, wine grape growth and quality. Results showed that: 1. regardless of the application of WSB or BCOF, soil organic carbon and soil nutrient content were both significantly increased.Moreover, the application of WSB significantly decreased soil bulk density of surface soil and increased soil p H; 2.WSB and BCOF could promote the leaf growth of wine grape at different degrees, but they had different effects on the quality of wine grape. The application of BCOF significantly promoted sugar accumulation and improved the ration of sugar to acid, while the application of WSB had no significant effect on the quality of wine grape in a short term.Therefore, this study showed that BCOF could improve the quality of wine grape in a short term, but the long term effects of WSB on wine grape quality still need further study.