基于ArcGIS的表层土壤元素空间插值与地球化学分级分析

The Comparative Analysis of Surface soil Elements and its Geochemical Grade use Interpolation and Measured data based on Arc GIS

为深化应用多目标区域地球化学调查成果,将土地质量地球化学分级整合到土地利用图斑。在盘锦市新兴镇地区,通过Arc GIS平台,应用多种插值方法,对比表层土壤中13种典型元素的插值数据和实测数据之间的相对误差以及根据数据产生的地球化学分级。结果显示:1∶250000插值数据与1∶10000实测数据的相对误差显著大于1∶50000插值数据;1∶250000插值数据与1∶10000实测数据产生的地球化学分级相差巨大,1∶50000插值数据与1∶10000实测数据产生的地球化学分级相差不大;1074个与816个实测数据分级结果基本接近。得出结论:在新兴镇地区,使用克里金法的插值数据相对误差最小;1∶50000采样数据插值后可用于土地质量地球化学分级,但具有局限性;一个地块图斑内有4-5个采样数据,即可获得精度较好的地球化学分级。

The purpose of this paper was to use the achievement of multi-purposes regional geochemical survey and promote land quality geochemical grade added to land use span. In the region of Xinxing town in Panjin city, we compared the relative error of interpolation and measured data, analyzed the geochemical grade of 13 typical elements in surface soil with interpolation and measured data by using interpolation method in Arc GIS software. The results showed that the relative error of 1∶250000 interpolation data was obviously higher than 1∶50000 interpolation data, the geochemical grade according to 1∶250000 interpolation data had big difference than which according to 1∶10000 measured data, while the geochemical grade according to 1∶50000 interpolation data had little difference than which according to1∶10000 measured data, the geochemical grade according to 1074 measured data and that of 816 was approximately the same. We concluded that the Kriging interpolation method was the best in many ways, suas as having the least relative error with measured data and being used in geochemical assessment in place as Xinxing town in Panjin city,but it also had limitations. One land use span has 4 to 5 sampling areas could get accurate geochemical grade.