滕州土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals in Tengzhou

为确定滕州地区土壤中重金属的污染及生态危害程度,在研究区均匀布置深层和表层土壤采样点进行生态风险调查,采用地积累指数和潜在生态风险评价两种方法对表层土壤八项重金属污染程度及生态危害等级进行判定。积累指数表明,滕州地区表层土壤中小部分地区的Hg达到强-极强的污染水平,整体上研究区土壤重金属污染水平主要处于0~1级,污染水平处于2级以上的相对较少;危害系数表明,As、Zn、Pb、Cr、Cu处于轻微危害等级,部分Cd为中等及强的危害等级,多数Hg处于中等至强危害等级,少数为极强的危害水平;综合危险指数表明,土壤整体危害级别为中等危害程度;研究区重金属污染源来源与工矿业的废料排放、交通运输以及农田化肥农药的使用有关。

In order to determine the pollution degree and ecological risk of heavy metals in soils of Tengzhou area,ecological risk survey was carried out by uniformly taking topsoil and subsoil samples in the study area.Two methods of land accumulation index and potential ecological risk assessment were used to evaluate the pollution levels and ecological hazard levels of eight heavy metals.The Hg pollution level in the surface soils was strong and extremely strong in the small area of Tengzhou.Most study area was at the 0 to 1 level of soil heavy metal pollution and less area was above the level 2.The hazard coefficient showed that As,Zn,Pb,Cr and Cu were at slight hazard levels,Cd was at a moderate and strong hazard level,Hg was at a middle to strong hazard level and a few heavy metals were at extremely strong hazard levels.The comprehensive risk index showed that the overall hazard level of soil was moderately hazardous.The sources of heavy metal pollution in the study area were related to waste discharge from industrial and mining industries,transportation,and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the farmland.