面向国家标准的汽车转向机构安全性仿真

National Regulation Oriented Crashworthiness Simulation of Vehicle Steering System

国家标准《防止汽车转向机构对驾驶员伤害的规定》中规定了防止转向机构对驾驶员构成伤害的技术要求和当汽车受正面撞击时转向盘向后窜动的试验方法、转向盘遭受撞击时吸收能量的试验方法。本文以某车型及其转向机构为研究对象建立有限元模型,按国家标准规定的试验条件对两项技术要求进行计算机仿真,仿真结果与试验结果吻合,因此利用仿真技术对评价汽车转向机构碰撞安全性具有一定指导意义。

According to the stipulation protecting drivers from being injured by motor vehicle steering mechanism, when human model frontal crashing to steering wheel at the speed of 24.1~25.3 km/h, the force acted on the steering wheel should be less than 11123 N. On the other hand, when vehicle front impact to the rigid wall at the speed of 50 km/h, the steering upper mounts will not allow the top of the column to penetrate more than 127 mm towards the driver. In the paper, one steering system is simulated on this regulation by finite element method. Test results show that the analysis and simulation techniques are successful and the method of numerical simulation is effective in improving automotive passive safety scheme.