国立西北联大分裂再探讨

Another Disscussion about the Reasons for the Segregation of National University of United Northwest

七七事变后,日军侵华势态进一步扩大,平、津、沪等地区的教育文化机关,均遭破坏,为保存教育力量,保证教育工作的正常开展,教育部发文筹备成立西安临时大学和长沙临时大学,即后来的西北联大和西南联大。两校同为时代之产物,命运却云壤之别。西南联大存在长达九年,而西北联大从建立到五校分立不足两年。笔者认为,教育部经费不足、各校区分散是其五校分立的主观因素;师师矛盾与师生矛盾的交杂存在以及校内的党派斗争是其五校分立的主要原因;交通不便利是其五校分立的客观因素。

After the'July 7th Incident', due to the Japanese invasion of China to further expand the situation,Beiping, Tianjin, Shanghai and other regions of the educational and cultural institutions were all destroyed. In orderto preserve the educational power and to ensure the normal work of education, the Ministry of Education issued adocument to prepare to establish the temporary university in Xi'an and Changsha temporary university, that is, the Northwest United University and Southwest United University. The two univerties are both the products of times, buttheir fate are not.Southwest United University was only for nine years; however,Northwest United University from theestablishment to the five school separations is less than two years. The author believes that the reason why NorthwestUnited University could be separated five schools is that, on the one hand, for the Ministry of Education funding, thecampus scattered and traffic inconvenience and other reasons during the Anti-Japanese War; on the other hand, thestruggle of the internal party system in the Northwest United University and the chaos of the management system andso on are the subjective reason of the division of the five schools.