孟子史料观研究

A Study of Mencius's Historical Materials Thoughts

孟子在辩论和讲学时极重视对史料的运用,他对史料来源、真伪的考辨以及对史料社会功用的认识构成了其比较完整的史料观。他所提出的"以意逆志"、"知人论世"、"尽信《书》,则不如无《书》"等考辨史料的原则和方法以及史料应当具有匡正社会风气的作用,对后世史学和史家产生了重要影响,在今天仍有指导意义。

Mencius emphasized the use of historical materials in debates and lectures, his understanding of thesource of historical data, authenticity and social function of historical materials constitute a relatively complete his-torical view. He has put forward some viewpoints, such as"by the meaning against the will","understand human be-ings and reflect on society"and"better no Shang Shu rather than trust Shang Shu completely", these are the princi-ples and methods of identifying historical materials, and Historical materials should have the effect of converse posi-tive social atmosphere. These views have had an important influence on later history and historians, it's still instruc-tive today.