软件产业中的知识建构——斯里兰卡软件公司调研

Knowledge Construction in Software Industries-A Study from Sri Lankan Industrial Perspective

[目的 /意义]软件组织依赖于知识渊博的软件开发人员。软件开发人员必须积累新技术和领域知识,学习组织政策,开展实践活动,拥有文化共识,积极参与软件开发活动。软件开发活动的独特性和固有性意味着在软件组织内部运用有效的知识管理活动来管理软件知识至关重要。在软件开发环境中,加强软件工程师之间的知识创造和共享是一项艰巨的任务。[方法 /过程]本研究采用定量和定性相结合的方法,分析了软件工程师对其组织所运用的知识管理实践的看法。分别对斯里兰卡3家软件公司进行了半结构式访谈和问卷调查。调查结果表明这3家软件公司意识到知识共享的重要性和组织学习的必要性,组织学习是为组织赢得竞争优势以及稳固组织成功的战略性工具。[结果 /结论 ]研究结果证实了信息通信技术对知识管理实践及随后对创新的预期干预均有影响。另外,研究分析了参与研究的3家软件公司所使用的多种知识管理工具和技术,发现了实施知识管理活动的障碍。本研究也为组织管理者通过知识管理活动提升组织效率提出了一个新思路。

[Purpose/significance] Software organizations depend on knowledgeable software developers.Software developers have to gather new technologies,domain knowledge,organizational policies,practices,and culture acknowledge to be actively involving in software developing activities.The unique and inherent characteristics of software development activity signify the importance of effective knowledge management activities employed inside the organization to manage the software knowledge.Increasing knowledge creation and sharing among software engineers are uphill tasks in software development environments.[Method/process] Our research analyzed the perceptions of software engineers working in software organizations about knowledge management practices adopted by Sri Lankan software practitioners by using both quantitative and qualitative methods.Semi-structured interviews and questionnaire surveys were carried out for three software industries in Sri Lanka.The results show that these software practitioners believe the importance of the knowledge sharing,and the need of organizational learning as a strategic tool for gaining competitive advantage and stabilizing organizational success.[Result/conclusion] Results of the research confirm the influence of information communication technologies on knowledge management practices and their subsequent expected implications for innovation in the organization.In addition,this study analyzes various KM tools and techniques used in these software organizations and finds out barriers to implement knowledge management practices.This study also presents a new perspective to organizational managers to enhance their organizations' efficiency through knowledge management activities.