多要素评价中指标权重的确定方法评述

Review on the Weighting Methods of Indexes in the Multi-Factor Evaluation

[目的/意义]对目前常见的多要素评价中指标权重的确定方法进行系统梳理,为相关研究人员在进行具体问题评价时的指标权重确定方法的合理选择提供参考。[方法/过程]通过对几种常见的主观赋权法、客观赋权法以及主客观综合集成赋权法中具体确定指标权重方法的基本原理与思想、具体应用案例进行深入调研,分析总结其优缺点以及适用范围。[结果/结论]迄今还没有一种完全通用和普适的指标权重确定方法,不同指标权重确定方法的原理与指导思想不同,因而其适用范围也有所差异,在进行实际问题评价时,要依据评估对象的特点合理选择赋权方法,以提高综合评价的准确性和有效性。

[Purpose/significance] This paper systematically combs the common weighting methods of indexes to provide a reference for the relevant staff in determining the reasonable weighting methods for specific evaluation problems. [Method/process] The paper analyzed the fundamental principles, the concrete application cases, the advantages and disadvantages, the application scopes of the common weighting methods. [Result/conclusion] The application scopes of different weighting methods differ from each other. In the evaluation of practical problems, the weighting methods should be selected according to the characteristics of the evaluation object to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the comprehensive evaluation.