“行政治理扶贫”与反贫困的中国方案——回应吴新叶教授

"Executive-led Poverty Alleviation Governance”and China's Plan of Anti-poverty——In Response to Professor Wu Xinye

精准扶贫既不是纯粹的科层制扶贫模式,也不是完全的运动式治理,而是在实践中呈现出"逆科层化"与"再科层化"的双重逻辑。在作为熟人社会的农村社区之中,通过纯粹自下而上的方式并不能够准确地识别出贫困户,扶贫治理过程之中需要国家行政力量的主导和干预来打破基层固化的权力利益结构,从而走出"参与悖论"。中国采取的是行政主导型的扶贫治理模式,这样一方面能够实现科层内部的强动员;另一方面又保证了治理的高效率。这种混合了革命成功经验、传统治理资源以及西方先进治理方法的"行政治理扶贫"模式,为世界其他国家和地区的减贫贡献了中国智慧和中国方案。

Precise poverty alleviation is neither a purely bureaucratic poverty alleviation model nor a completely sporting governance.Instead,it presents the dual logic of'reverse bureaucratization'and're-bureaucratization'in practice.In a rural community that is an acquaintance society,poor households cannot be accurately identified through a purely bottom-up approach.In the process of poverty alleviation,the leadership and intervention of the state administrative power is needed to break the grassroots solidified power structure and get out of the'participation paradox'.Different from the idea that the West relies entirely on the market and the bureaucratic system to alleviate poverty,China adopts an administrative-led poverty alleviation governance model,so that on the one hand,it can achieve strong internal mobilization within the bureaucracy;on the other hand,it ensures the high efficiency of governance.This'executive-led poverty alleviation governance'model,which combines the successful experience of revolution,traditional governance resources,and advanced western governance methods,contributes to China’s wisdom and China’s plans for poverty alleviation in other countries and regions of the world.