九龙江口铜、铅化学形态的研究

STUDIES ON THE CHEMICAL PHASES OF COPPER AND LEAD IN THE JIULONNG RIVER ESTUARY

一引言随着环境科学的发展,重金属存在形态的研究已日益为环境科学工作者所重视。重金属在环境中分布、迁移和转化等化学行为都与它的存在形态密切相关,对生物的毒性效应也取决于它的存在形态。离子态铜的毒性远大于络合态铜,并且铜的络合物越稳定,其毒性越小。因此,如果只测定重金属的总浓度,就难以对环境质量作出正确的评价。环境科学的深入研究,更需要人们了解污染物在环境中的存在形态。Florence和Batley(1976)及Florence(1977)提出了较详细的重金属存在形态分类图式。

The chemical phases of Copper and Lead in estuarine waters are classified into four types,namely particulate,labile,nonlabile organic complexes and nonlabile inorganic complexes.The reliability of classification technique has been examined.The experiments designed to verify the theoretical distribution of various species’s coutent indicate that the nolabile organic complexes is about one half of the total dissoloed Copper.After acidification with HNO3(2N),95%of the total Copper content in seawater can be recovered in the dissolved phase.The relative errors of ASV for Copper and Lead are 7.9%and 14%respectively.From our survey of the distributiou of these phases of Copper and Lead in Jiulong River estuarine waters,we have determined that the particulate phases of Copper and Lead are 64.7%and 56.2%respectively of the total content in estuarine wates.The relationship between nolabile organic complexed Copper and COD as well as total dissolved Lead and C1%are found.