浮游植物

CHAPTER 4 MARINE BIOLOGY Section 1 Phytoplankton

在海洋生态系统里,形成物质和能量循环的基础是浮游植物。由于其种群结构和数量分布的变动等通常是栖息环境直接的综合效应,因而在估计水域生产力、评价环境质量和探讨水系消长等方面都有一定的指示作用。有关厦门港浮游植物的生态特点,厦门大学金德祥教授曾作过详尽研究(主要根据厦鼓水道的定点采样)。

In four cruises(August and November in 1980,February and May in 1981).181 species(including variaties and formas)of phytoplankton belonging to 61 genera and 3 families of Bacillariophyta(164 species.53 genera).Pyrrophata(16 species 7 genera)and Cyanophyta(1 species 1 genus)were collected from the surface waters around Xiamen The composition and quantity of Phytoplankton cells had a seasonal variation.August had the highest quantity(116 species 185 k ind./L).February the second(102 species,27k ind./L),and November(69 species,11k ind./L)and May(81 sPecies 15k ind,/L)still less.The horizontal distribution of the composition and quantity of Phytoplankton were not equal.Usually,ZoneⅢhad the most abundant,ZoneⅡhad higher quantity and ZoneⅠthe lowest.In the region under inverstigation,the dominant species are mainly Skeletonema costatum,Melosira sulcata and Thalassionema nitzschoides,of which Skeletonema costatum makies up about 52%of the mean quantity of the total phytoplankton in the four months.The variation in their seasonal and horizontal distribution was obvious too.All these were closely related to the influences of climate sea current,Jiulong River runoff or wastes from Yuandang Lake(represented by station 053).Based on the analysis the net samples from August 1980 to July 1981.Noctiluca scientilans occured nearly in every month(except July 1981),The Peak quantity of cells was found in February 1981(15k ind./m^3),the subPeak in June 1981(2.2k ind./m^3)and October 1980(2.1k ind./m^3).In station 053 in February 1981,the dense concentration of this species(47k ind./m^3)occurred in company with Encampia zoodiacum(16k ind./L)and Merismopedia warmingana(=Agmenellum quadriduplicatum,tenuissima type,65M ind./L),resulting in red water colour in the station.