个体化延续护理对下肢深静脉血栓形成患者自我管理和生活质量的影响

Effects of Individualized Continuation Nursing on Self-management and Quality of Life in Patients with Deep Venous Thrombosis of Lower Limb

目的探讨个体化延续护理对下肢静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者自我管理和生活质量的影响。方法选取我院自2014年1月至2015年1月收治的86例DVT患者作为研究对象,随机分为实验组与对照组各43例。对照组由责任制护士给予常规出院指导,发放健康教育手册,并在出院后1个月、3个月及6个月常规电话随访各1次,根据研究需要按照问卷内容再次电话或复诊时面谈完成问卷。实验组实施个体化延续护理服务,在对照组基础上时时进行健康教育干预,成立DVT管理小组。结果观察组在出院1个月、3个月及6个月的躯体功能、心理功能、社会技能和生活状态等生活质量与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组在出院1个月、3个月及6个月的自我管理行为、自我管理认知和自我管理职能方面与观察组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论个体化延续护理能够加强对患者的健康教育,提高了患者的治疗依从性,减少DVT复发及后遗症的发生,从而提高DVT患者的生活质量。

Objective To discuss the effects of individualized continuation nursing on self-management and quality of life in patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower limb.Methods A total of 86 patients with DVT were selected in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2015,and each of 43 cases were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The control group was given a routine discharge instruction by the responsible nurse,issued a health education manual,and accepted the regular telephone follow-up for 1 time each 1 month,3months and 6 months after discharge;in view of research needs,again telephone or visit to complete the questionnaire interview in accordance with the content of the questionnaire.The experimental group was given individualized continuous nursing service,and the health education intervention was carried out on the basis of the control group,and the DVT management group was set up.Results The quality of life,physical function,psychological function,social skills and life status of the observation group at 1,3 months and 6 months after discharge were significantly different from those of the control group(P <0.05).In the intervention group,the self-management behavior,self-management cognition and self-management function in the 1,3 and 6 months after discharge were significantly different from the observation group(P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized continuation of care can strengthen the health education of patients,improve the patient's treatment compliance,and reduce the recurrence of DVT and sequelae,thereby improving the quality of life of patients with DVT.