二十世纪中国“新传记”文学中人物形象塑造的新变——以《不够知己》为例

Novelty in China New Biography Character Modeling in Beginning of 20 th Century

中国二十世纪初的传记文学,受"新传记"发展的影响,产生了一系列新的变化。《不够知己》便是其中一个典型代表。《不够知己》是民国时代由知名学者温源宁所写的一部当代人物小传集,作者在书中做了大胆的尝试:运用各种技法描写人物的外貌特征,从而使得这些特征深入人心。作者的创新之处是,不仅充分加大了人物小传中外貌描写的比重,更巧妙地将外貌描写和人物性格塑造结合起来。作者的这种创作方法,一方面是由他自己的性格使然,另一方面,是受英文写作文体以及《时代的精神》一书的作家夏士烈德(William Hazlitt)的影响。

In the beginning of 20 th century,under the influence of the New Biography,the biography writing in China experienced new changes. Imperfect Understanding,as one of the typical works,was an anthology of the contemporary celebrities' biographies written by Wen Yuanning,a famous scholar in the period of Later Qing Dynasty. The author made a bold trial in his works:he took advantage of various kinds of techniques to describe the appearance of the subject,which made those descriptions well known. What the author innovated was that he not only enlarged the proportion of the appearance descriptions in most of his works,but also skillfully disclosed the characters of the subject through this way. Such achievement will be ascribed to the author's peculiar character,and the English writing style as well as William Hazlitt's,the author of The Age of the Spirit.