天空有效温度的探讨

DISCUSSION ON EFFECTIVE SKY TEMPERATURE

本文讨论了天空与地面之间的辐射换热,以北京日射站的实测资料为依据,导出了由地面基本气象资科确定天空有效温度的计算公式: T_(sky)=[0.9T_S^4-(0.32-0.026e_d^(1/2))(0.30+0.70S)T_a^4]^(1/4)(k) 根据我国82个台站1960年至1970年的月平均资料,求得了这些台站的天空有效温度及其与气温之差值,并绘制了分布图。 本文还对世界上目前流行的有代表性的天空有效温度计算式,进行了讨论。

In this paper,radiation heat transfer between the earth's surface and sky is described.Based on observation data of Beijing Actinometric station,a model for calculation of effective sky temperature is produced.It can be expressed as:The effective sky temperature and difference between the sky and ambient temperature were calculated with the model for 82 stations in China using their climatological data from 1960 to 1970 (10 years).An aerial distribution chart of the differences between sky temperature and ambient temperature lor each season of the year has been thus prepared.This paper discusses also prevalent typical models of calculation for sky temperature in the world.