债权二重让与中债权归属问题探析——以受让人权益保护为视角

On the Ownership of Creditor’s Rights in Double Assignment of Creditor’s Rights——From the Perspective of the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Assignee

对债权二重让与中债权归属问题,目前世界上有三种主要观点:合同对抗主义、通知对抗主义和登记对抗主义,三者于理论上均有可商榷之处。为维护经济秩序与社会稳定,争议债权归属之确定应以维护公平为目的,以受让人权益保护为立场。同时,为弥补前文三种观点之缺陷,在确定争议债权之归属时应当同时考虑债权公示程度与第二受让人主观状态,对传统民法中债权相对性理论进行一定的突破,通过债权物权化保护第一受让人之合法权益,通过债权善意取得制度来保护第二受让人之合法权益,并在此基础上对债权二重让与中争议债权归属规则重新进行构建。

At present,there are three main views on the attribution of creditor’s rights in the double assignment of creditor’s rights in the world:contract antagonism,notification antagonism and registration antagonism,but all of them are debatable in theory.In order to maintain economic order and social stability,the attribution of the ownership of disputed creditor’s rights should aim at maintaining fairness and take the protection of the rights and interests of the assignee as the stand.At the same time,in order to make up for the defects of the above three viewpoints,when confirming the attribution of the disputed creditor’s rights,we should consider both of the degree of publicity of the creditor’s rights and the subjective state of the second assignee,making a certain breakthrough to the Soutaiseiriron of the creditor’s rights in the traditional civil law.We are supposed to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the first assignee through the real right of the creditor’s rights and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the second assignee through the bona fide acquisition system of the creditor’s rights,reconstructing the attribution rules of the disputed creditor’s rights in the double assignment of the creditor’s rights.