Cu粉类型对铜基摩擦材料性能的影响

Effects of Copper Powder Type on Properties of Copper-based Friction Materials

分别以电解Cu粉、气雾化Cu粉、水雾化Cu粉等纯Cu粉,锡青Cu粉、黄Cu粉、白Cu粉等合金Cu粉为基体,通过粉末冶金热压烧结的方式,制备了铜基摩擦材料。结果表明,以纯Cu粉为基体的摩擦材料综合性能比要优于合金Cu粉为基体的,其中以电解Cu粉制备的试样在6组试样中,密度最大,为5.46g/cm^3,孔隙率最小,为18.14%,硬度(HBW)最高,为23.20;采用雾化Cu粉制备的试样,由于其球形颗粒形状的原因,增加了粉体的表面能和界面能,起到了稳定摩擦、增大摩擦因数的作用,其摩擦因数最大,为0.33;而以合金Cu粉制备的试样,由于基体材料的形状结构不规则,导致材料的结合能力和流动性降低,摩擦后材料变形严重,磨损加剧。

Taking pure copper powder such as electrolytic copper powder,gas atomized copper powder,water atomized copper powder,alloy copper powder such as tin bronze powder,brass powder,white copper powder as the matrix,copper-based friction materials were prepared by powder metallurgy intergrated with hot pressing sintering.The results reveal that the comprehensive performance of pure copper powder is superior to that of alloy copper powder.Among them,the samples prepared by electrolytic copper powder has the desirable performance,where the density is 5.46 g/cm^3,the porosity is 18.14%and the hardness is 23.20 HBW.The samples prepared by atomized copper powder can increase the surface energy and interfacial energy of the powder due to the spherical particle shape playing a role of stabilizing friction and increasing the friction coefficient.And the friction coefficient of the gas atomized copper powder sample reaches up to 0.33.However,in the sample prepared by the alloy copper powder,the irregular shape and structure of the matrix material result in a decrease in the bonding ability and fluidity of the material.After the friction,the material is seriously deformed and the wear rate is increased greatly.