山西省阳高县堡子湾金矿床矿物标型特征

TYPOMORPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR MINERALS IN PUZIWAN GOLD DEPOSIT,YANGGAO,SHANXI

根据成因矿物学及找矿矿物学观点 ,系统研究堡子湾金矿床黄铁矿、金矿物、方铅矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿等金属矿物 ,石英、碳酸盐、绢 (白 )云母和金红石等非金属矿物的产状、形态及化学成分标型 ,结果表明 :1矿床中矿物组合复杂 ,硫化物种类多 ,有少量硫盐矿物出现 ;2矿物中微量元素成分复杂 ,富含 As,Sb,Bi,Se,Te等 Au活化、迁移有利的矿化搬运剂 ,Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Ag等成矿元素和 Cr,Ni,V等深源元素 ;元素矿物组合及其特征比值指示金矿化与深源 (下地壳或上地幔 )浅成岩浆热液活动 (斑岩系统 )有关 ,燕山期石英二长斑岩 (角砾岩 )是成矿的主导因素 ;3矿石中大量出现铁白云石、富铁闪锌矿 ,粒状、富 Ti金红石的大量分布 ,反映矿床剥蚀深度较大 ,目前可能已揭露至中深部中温带 ,位于斑岩系统的中下部 ,深部金矿化不利 ;4矿石含丰富的铜矿物 ,其他硫化物矿物中含铜量大 ,指示深部可能存在斑岩型 Cu(Au)矿化。

Utilizing the theories of minerageny and prospecting mineralogy,the author studied the attitude,morphotype and chemical composition of metallic minerals of pyrite,gold,chalcopyrite,galena and sphalerite,non-metallic minerals of quartz,carbonate, dolomite and rutile in Puziwan goid deposit.The result indicated that:(1)Mineral assemblage is complex, the species of sulfide were abundant with minor sulfosalt minerals;(2)The composition in minerals is complex,and the trace elements of As,Sb,Bi,Se,Te,Au,Ag,Cu,Pb,Zn and Cr,Ni,V are rich;the typomorphic characteristics of the association of elements and their specific value suggest that gold mineralization is associated with shallow magmatic hydrothermal acitivity, the ore-forming fluid is the mixture of the rising rich alkali magmatic water originated from mantle or lower crust and the descending acid atmosphere water,and beschtauite(breccia) formed at Yanshan epoch is the essential factor of gold mineralization.(3)Fe-rich minerals of dolomite,Fe-rich sphalerite are abundant,granular,Ti-rich rutile distribute widely,referring that the degree of denudation is deep,the mineralization temperature is high,and the position of this deposit is located in mid-shallow depth of porphyry system, gold mineralization in the present depth is disadvantageous;(4)the copper minerals in ores are rich,the degree of Cu in sulfide is high, indicating that porphyry Cu (Au) mineralization may exist in the depth.