建筑用低硬度橡胶隔震支座界限性能和屈曲性能研究

Extreme and buckling properties of low stiffness rubber bearings used in building

本研究系统地对低硬度橡胶隔震支座的材料及力学性能进行了试验研究。研究用低硬度橡胶天然及铅芯橡胶隔震支座18种规格总计近30个大直径隔震支座。研究内容涉及低硬度橡胶隔震支座的基本力学性能,温度、压力、剪切变形、老化及徐变等相关性能,压缩界限、拉伸界限、极限剪切变形等界限性能和屈曲特性,以及橡胶材料性能和隔震工程应用等方面。本文主要介绍低硬度橡胶天然及铅芯隔震支座的压缩、拉伸、剪切等界限性能和屈曲应力与剪切应变的相关特性,文中提出了基于刚度因子建立的橡胶支座的界限压缩和界限拉伸应力评价方程,同时还给出了剪切变形状态下的屈曲应力评价方法。

The material properties and mechanics properties of low stiffness rubber bearings are systemically performed both in test and in theory in our research. There are two types of low stiffness rubber bearings, natural rubber bearings (RB) and lead plug rubber bearings (LRB), total 18 specifications and 30 large diameter specimens are tested for grasping various properties. The characteristics of low stiffness rubber bearings include fundamental properties such as vertical stiffness, horizontal stiffness and damping; extreme properties such as buckling, extreme compressive stress and maximum shear strain; various dependence such as compressive stress, shear strain and temperature; duration properties of aging and creeping. In this paper, various extreme properties, such as compression, tension, shear strain and buckling, are tested for both RB and LRB, An extreme compression equation is provided based on the concept of stiffness factor in the paper too. In the end of the paper, the compression stress related to shear strain is suggested in order to describe the buckling property for low stiffness isolators.