水稻航天诱变育种研究进展与应用前景

Progress and Application of the Rice Space-flight Breeding

水稻航天育种技术是将水稻干种子搭载返回式航天器 (卫星 )经过空间诱变作用产生变异 ,在地面选择有益变异培育新种质、新品种的育种方法。随着水稻航天育种研究的不断深入 ,现已育成一批水稻新品种 (组合 )进入商品化生产 ,同时还发掘和筛选出一些具有实用价值的新种质。本文综述了水稻航天育种的特点、理论依据及研究进展 ,讨论了水稻航天育种存在的问题和应用前景。

The rice space-flight breeding (RSB) is one kind of mutation breeding that the rice seed was carried in the space shuttle or backtrack satellite and mutagenized in the space, desired mutant traits were selected based on breeding program to develop new rice germplasms and new varieties in the ground. With the development of rice space-flight breeding, a great progress has been made in China. There was a batch of rice varieties have been released in the commercial purpose, and also lots of new germplasms with specific traits have been developed which will be very useful as donor in the breeding program. In this paper the theoretic foundations and progresses on space-flight breeding were summarized, the problems and application perspective of space-flight breeding were also discussed in rice breeding.