GPS支持下的机载SAR遥感图像无控制准实时地理定位

Geographic Registration for Air-bome SAR Image with no Ground Control Point Supported by GPS Position Data

合成孔径雷达遥感图像的地理定位在自然灾害的动态监测中有着重要意义。研究并推导出了在GPS定位数据支持下的有速度约束条件的机载SAR图像帧定位元素的解算模型,实现并试验了机载SAR图像的准实时地理定位方法。该方法根据同一航带的图像帧与帧之间的地面连续性,自动并有效地消除了相邻帧地理定位图像之间的裂缝,实现了航带的整体地理定位,从而使机载SAR遥感图像对自然灾害的评估和发展情况预测手段达到准实时效率成为可能。

To realize the geographic registration of SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) image is very significant in dynamic supervision for natural disaster. The analytical model for calculating the position parameters of a SAR image was studied and deduced, in which the position vectors and the velocity vectors of the SAR carrier are the input parameters provided by GPS position finder. This paper realized and tested the near realtime geographic registration method with some airborne SAR images. According to the continuity of the earth's surface, the split between 2 conjoint geographic registered images was eliminated automatically and efficiently. It realized the entire geographic registration for the images of the whole flight strip. So, it is possible to supervise and to predict the natural disaster with SAR remote sensing images with a near realtime efficiency.