安徽传统民居夏季室内热环境模拟

Simulation of the summer indoor thermal condition of a traditional Chinese residential building in Anhui

设计适应地方气候的建筑结构有利于节能和环保。为研究安徽传统民居对自然条件的适应性,在实测分析的基础上,采用建筑环境模拟软件DeST对室内热环境进行了数值模拟分析。将实测数据,如室外气温、太阳辐射强度、围护结构热物性参数和房间内扰模式等作为已知边界条件,通过对不同自然通风模式的室内热状况进行模拟比较,拟合出了与实测情况相符的自然通风模式。验证了:采用热惯性小、隔热作用好的围护结构和双坡屋顶结构减少建筑的太阳辐射得热对改善室内热环境所起的作用。

Building design can be improved by using traditional methods to save energy and protect the environment. Traditional residential buildings in Anhui in southern China naturally provide comfortable indoor thermal conditions in the summer. The physical principles of the natural thermal comfort were studied using the simulation software DeST to simulate the thermal conditions in a typical Anhui residence. Fieldmeasured data such as the outside temperature, the solar radiation intensity, the thermal characteristics of the envelope, and the interior heat gains were used as boundary conditions. Various natural ventilation modes were tested in the simulation to find which mode results in the measured indoor temperature. The results showed that the most effective mode was to limit natural ventilation decring the day and promote it at night. Ventilation by the stack effect was key to providing this ventilation. Other important factors were also analyzed, including the low mass building envelope and the high thermal resistance, doubleslope structure.