草鱼实验性镉中毒的骨骼病理学研究

Study of Pathology by Experimental Cadmium Poisoning on Skeleton in Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella

200尾(10 8±1 2)g的草鱼分为4组,每组50条。实验各组水中镉含量分别为:1 10LC50组80μg·L-1,1 50LC50组16μg·L-1,1 100LC50组8μg·L-1,对照组为<1μg·L-1,实验期120d。研究内容为草鱼镉中毒的骨骼病理学变化。结果表明:①草鱼镉中毒的24hLC50为800μg L;②各组草鱼的死亡率分别是64%,24%,20%,4%;③实验各组草鱼脊椎骨镉含量(湿质量)较对照组极显著升高(P<0 01),脊椎骨中钙含量(湿质量)较对照组显著减少(P<0 05);④实验各组草鱼血浆中碱性磷酸酶较对照组明显地升高、血清中钙、磷、镁含量较对照组显著减少(P<0 05);⑤骨骼病理学变化主要为:1 10LC50组、1 50LC50组、1 100LC50组草鱼75%、36%、36%出现脊椎弯曲、鳃丝塌陷且骨化不全。透射电镜下,增生的成骨细胞胞体短而粗,细胞质丰富,其中有清楚的细胞器。

Two hundred grass carps with a weight of (108±12)g were experimentally poisoned by cadmium(Cd)and kept poisoned for 120 days.The content of Cd in water for each experimen tal group was: 80 μg·L-1 for 1/10 LC50 group, 16 μg·L-1 f or 1/50 LC50 group,8 μg·L-1 for 1/100 LC50 group , <1 μg·L -1 for control group,respectively.The results indicated that: ① The 24h- LC50 in grass carp was 800 μg·kg-1 weight. ②The mortality rates in 1/10 LC50 group, 1/50 LC50 group, 1/100 LC50 group and control group were: 64%,24%,20%,4%.③ The contents(wet) of Cd on vertebra in experimental groups were much significantly higher than that of control group(P<001) and the contents(wet) of Ca on vertebra were significantly lower than that of control group(P<005). ④ The contents of alkalinephosphatease(ALP)on blood plasma and Ca, P, Mg on serum in experimental groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P<005);⑤The skeleton pathology showed: cyrtosis, gill sinked, osteodysplasty in experimental grass carps. Ultrastural changes indicated that there were rich cytoplasmic matrix, clear organelles in large hyperplastic osteoblasts.