钾氮配施对生姜产量和品质的影响

Study on the effect of potassium application combined with nitrogen on ginger yield and quality

通过多年田间试验研究淮北平原砂姜黑土地区钾氮配施对生姜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:增施钾肥对生姜的生长发育有明显的促进作用,施钾的增产幅度,杨集点狮子头姜为32.3％和33.3％,平均增产33.8％;牛庄柴姜增产32.8％和42.0％,平均增产35.6％;农场试验施钾增产37.8％～41.2％,平均增产率高达39.7％。钾氮配施能有效提高生姜块茎维生素C和可溶性糖分含量,显著降低硝酸盐含量,改善生姜的外观和内在品质,大幅度增加生姜产值,每公顷增收12155～13082元,施用钾肥的产投比高达34.9∶1和16.2∶1。当前生产水平下,淮北砂姜黑土地区生姜钾肥的适宜施用量为K2O 260～300kg/hm2,氮肥适宜用量为N 300kg/hm0左右。

Three field experiments of studying on the effect of K application combined with N on ginger yield and quality were conducted for three years in lime concretion black soil region Huaibei plain. The results showed that applying potassium fertilizer had obviously promoted the growth of ginger, and it could notably increase the yield of ginger tuber. The increases of ginger yield was 32.3% and 33.3% with the average rate of growth 33.8% for lion-head ginger at Yangji site, 32.8% , 42.0% and 35.6% for Chai-ginger at Niuzhuang site and 37.8%-41.2% and 39.7% for farm trial respectively compared the treatments applied K with that of the control. Potassium fertilizer application combined with nitrogen could efficiently improve the inherent and external quality, increase the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar etc, and remarkably decrease the content of nitrate in ginger tuber, increased the output value by a big margin, the income being increased by 12155-13082 Yuan/hm2, and the value cost ratio for K fertilizer application reached 34.9:1 and 16.2:1. At present production level, the suitable fertilizer application rate was K2O 260-300kg/ hm2 and about N 300kg/hm2 for ginger in lime coucretion black soil region Huaibei plain.