20世纪80年代以来黑龙江气候变暖的初步分析

A Preliminary Analysis of Climate Warming in Heilongjiang Province Since the 1980s

利用观测资料 ,分析了黑龙江 1 2 0年以来气候变暖的特征。研究指出 ,2 0世纪80年代以来 ,全球气候变暖已成为人们关注的焦点 ,黑龙江地处中高纬气温明显变暖 ,近1 2 0年来年平均气温上升 1 4℃ ;冬春季升幅最大为 1 8℃ ,气温突变在 1 990年前后。从年、季平均气温变化趋势与全国及北半球、全球气温变化的比较得出 ,年、冬季我国增暖中心在黑龙江 ,春季在内蒙古北部及黑龙江 ,夏秋增暖不明显 ,但仍有上升趋势。 2 0世纪50～ 70年代黑龙江及全国各大区域普遍增暖不明显 ,80年代黑龙江增暖幅度开始增大 ,三北 (东北、华北、西北 )地区次之。 90年代黑龙江增暖更加显著 ,而全国及其他区域上升已达到 80年代北方增温幅度。研究还指出黑龙江气温与北半球、全球气温变化趋势基本一致 ,尤其 80年代至今气温都有显著的上升。

Using observed data, the climate warming in Heilongjiang Province since the year of 1881 has been analyzed. Results show that the Heilongjiang Province climate has changed to warm since the 1980s, the mean annual temperature rised by 1.4 ℃. The temperature break occurred about in 1990.Comparing the annual and the four season's average temperature change tendency of Heilongjiang Province with that of China, the Northern Hemisphere and global,we concluded that the warmest center of the year and winter located in Heilongjiang Province and the warmest center of spring located in north Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province; but temperature departure in summer and autumn was not obviously, yet, it had increasing tendency. Actually, in nearly fifty years, the temperature in Heilongjiang Province and most part of China did not rise obviously from the 1950s to the 1970s, but the temperature of Heilongjiang Province raised obviously in the 1980s and became much warmer in the 1990s .