高位滑坡的运动转化形式

MOTION TRANSFORMATION OF HIGH-LOCALITY LANDSLIDE

高位滑坡剪出口高于坡脚,它一旦滑离滑坡发生区,运动可能转化成四种形式:1.崩塌:由滑体经分级解体滑过剪出口处依次向前倾倒而成;2.碎屑流动或3.碎屑滑动:由滑动块体经碎屑化而成;4.泥石流:在适当的细粒物质量和水体条件下生成的碎屑流动。

High-locality landslide is defined one whose toe of surface of rupture is higher than the foot of slope. Once it slides off the occurrence area of landslide, the motion may change into 4 forms.1.TopplingIt evolves from high-locality sliding mass toppling over successively in sliding by the toe of surface of rupture while it dismenbering gradationally along the sliding direction. At this moment, there usually appear shearing or collision among the high-locality sliding masses. Some of them can impact the surfaces of separation or the ground directly,thus sliding masses fragmentazing.i. e. cracking into rock block, even debris. From them on, it can change into any of the following motion forms:fragment flow,debris slide and debris flow.2.Fragment flowAccording to the size of fragment particle,it can be divided into block stream,debris stream, sand flow,silt flow and earth flow etc.3.Debris slideIt is a rare motion form after the sliding masses having fragmentized.4.Debris flowIt is a fragment flow that forms in suitable conditions of the grain materials and water. If the content of water is unchanged,micro-viscous debris flow or sediment laden flow will form while grain materials are few,and viscous debris flow will form while grain materials are large. According to the amount of grain materials and water condition supplied by original sliding mass and surface of separation,debris flow formed by high-locality landslide may be divided into original and successive types. However, the original type debris flow may be divided into slope and gully types ;and successive type debris flow which always occurs in the gully may be diveded into suc-ceeive earth and water types.