饲粮锌、硒和维生素E水平对初产母猪繁殖性能及相关参数的影响

The effects of dietary zinc, selenium and vitamin E content on reproductive performance and relative parameter in gilts

为了研究饲粮微量元素锌、硒和维生素E对初产母猪相关参数的影响规律。本试验选择年龄、体况较一致的二元杂(长白×约克)初产母猪27头,采用L9(34)正交表安排试验,共9个试验组,每组3次重复。饲粮锌、硒和维生素E均设置3个水平,分别为:锌(45 0mg/kg、85 0mg/kg、125mg/kg);硒(0 10mg/kg、0 25mg/kg、0 40mg/kg);维生素E(15IU/kg、30IU/kg、45IU/kg),结果表明:(1)饲粮中含锌量125mg/kg、含硒量0 40mg/kg、含维生素E量45IU/kg时,可以获得最多的窝产活仔数,分别为(9 9±1 1)头,(9 9±1 4)头,(10 0±1 2)头;母猪断奶返情时间间隔也最短,分别为176 1h、174 2h、169 6h。(2)初产妊娠母猪血清雌激素浓度在妊娠期保持相对高水平;孕激素妊娠前期保持相对高水平,后期则保持相对低水平,是发挥母猪繁殖潜力的保证。(3)初产母猪喂给含锌量125mg/kg、含硒量0 40mg/kg、含维生素E量45IU/kg的饲粮时,血清尿素浓度最低,表示有更多的蛋白质在母体和胎儿累积。(4)血清GSH-Px活力妊娠后期比妊娠前期低,表示妊娠后期比妊娠前期母体和胎儿代谢过程产生的过氧化物更多。(5)综合所考察的参数显示,初产母猪饲粮中含锌125mg/kg、含硒0 40mg/kg、含维生素E45IU/kg是适宜的使用量。

The effects of dietary zinc, selenium and vitamin E content on reproductive performance and serum reproductive hormone and serum nutritive-biochemical parameters in gilts were investigated. 27 crossbred gilts (Danish landrace × Yorksire ) analogous in age and body situation were used in the trial. A L9(34)orthogonal test design was used in the study, there were 9 treatments with 3 replicates. There were 3 levels in dietary content of zinc(45 mg/kg, 85 mg/kg, 125 mg/kg), selenium(010 mg/kg,025 mg/kg,040 mg/kg) and vitamin E(15 IU/kg,30 IU/kg,45 IU/kg) respectively. The results indicated that:(1)When the dietary zinc, selenium and vitamin E content were 125 mg/kg, 040 mg/kg, 45 IU/kg respectively, litter sizes were the largest in gilts: (99±11) piglets/litter,(99±14) piglets/litter,(100±12) piglets/litter respectively; pregnancy duration and the interval from postweaning to oestrus were the shortest. (2) Reproductive potence of gilts would have been exploited when serum estrogen concentration maitained relative high level during pregnancy, and when serum progesterrone concentration maitained relative hight level during early part of pregnancy and relative low level during late part of pregnancy. (3) When the dietary zinc, selenium and vitamin E content were 125 mg/kg, 040 mg/kg, 45 IU/kg respectively, serum total protein content maintained high level and urea concentration maintained low level that meaned more protein was retented in maternal body and foetus. (4) Serum GSH-Px activity was lower during late part of pregnancy than that during early part of pregnancy that denoted more peroxides to be produced during the late part of pregnancy. (5) In conclusion, the dietary zinc, selenium and vitamin E content is 125 mg/kg, 040 mg/kg, 45 IU/kg respectively is appropriate for crossbred gilts(Danish landrace × Yorksire)