陕西省神木县地质灾害发育特征及防治建议

Development characteristic and prevention suggestion of geological hazards in Shenmu,Shanxi Province

陕西省神木县近年来经济发展迅猛,但随着境内煤炭资源的开发利用和各类基础设施建设的加快发展,崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、矿区塌陷等地质灾害也愈发严重,对人民生命财产造成了巨大危害。笔者等在遥感图像解译和野外详细调查访问的基础上,查明了区内地质灾害类型、数量、规模及其时空展布规律,分析了各类地质灾害的主要形成条件。指出各类灾害中以煤矿开采及煤田自燃引起的矿区地面塌陷分布范围最广、危害最严重,其次是崩塌、滑坡,泥石流灾害仅局部发育。描述了重要灾点特征,提出了相应的防治建议。

In recent years,the economy has been developed rapidly in Shenmu,Shaanxi.However,with the rapid development of exploiting and utilizating coal resource and capital construction,geological hazards such as rock fall,landside,debrise flow and collapse become serious and frequently,which brought enormous harm to people's life and wealth.Based on remote sensing image interpretation and detailed field investigation,we have found out the types,quantities,scales as well as the time and space of the geological hazards.We have analysed the major forming conditions of every sort of geological hazard, and pointed out that among all sorts of geological hazards,the most harmful and widely distributed one is the ground collapse in mining area,which is caused by mining of coal and the catacausis.The subharmful hazards are rock fall and landslide.Debrise flow only occur in parts of this area.The main features of some vital hazards and some prevention proposals have been described.