辽西油松纯林林分改造效益的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of benefits of improvement of pure Chinese pine plantations in western Liaoning, northeastern China.

针对辽西地区大面积油松纯林的松毛虫危害严重、水土保持功能差、生态和经济效益低的现状 ,自 1982年起 ,在辽西地区通过采用带状皆伐后栽植阔叶树方法对油松纯林进行了更新改造试验 .试验结果表明 ,油松纯林改造成针阔混交林近 2 0年后 ,林分的小气候逐渐向良性转变 ,相对湿度提高 2 0 %～ 5 7%,气温降低 0 4～ 1 9℃ ,松毛虫虫口密度降低了 2～ 2 0头 株 ;同时水土保持功能增加 ,油松树高增加 16 8%,胸径增长 2 2 94%;经济效益有了较大提高 ,每公顷利润平均增加了 2 1倍 .因此 ,油松纯林改造成混交林是根治松毛虫危害 ,提高林分生态功能 ,增加林分经济效益的有效措施 ,应进行大面积推广 .

The experiments of stand improvement have been done in pure plantations of Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) in western Liaoning Province, northeast China.Since 1982 in view of solving the problems that pine moth damages were serious, function of soil and water conservation was poor and ecological and economic benefits were low, the way of planting broad--leaved trees after strip cuting has been adopted to improve the pure pine plantations. The experimental results are as follow. The humidity in stands was increased by 2.0% to 5.7%. The temperatures in stands were decreased by 0.4℃ to 1.9℃. The density of pine moths in one tree was dropped by 2 to 20. The function of soil and water conservation was enhanced. Tree heights of Chinese pine were increased by 16.8% and the diameters at breast height were increased by 22.94%. Economic benefits were improved remarkably,the profit of one hectare of the improred stands went up by 21 times. So this way of improving pure forest of Chinese pine to mixed forest are effective and should be popularized in larger areas.