上下台阶方法的生物力学研究

Biomechanics analysis of ascending and descending stairs

目的从运动学角度对不同上下台阶方法的差异进行比较分析 ,取得科学数值。方法以 3名健康青年男性为研究对象 ,利用三维动作分析系统 (VICON612 )及肌电图仪检测膝关节力矩和股四头肌收缩强度的变化值。结果不同方法上下台阶时的膝关节力矩有差异 ,而膝关节屈曲角度未见明显不同 ;上台阶时的肌肉活动强度要比下台阶时大。结论膝关节屈伸力矩、内外翻力矩以及股四头肌收缩强度均按正面一脚一阶、正面两脚一阶、横面两脚一阶、斜面两脚一阶的顺序逐渐减小。

ObjectiveTo analyze the biomechanics of ascending and descending stairs.MethodsThe moment of force of knee joint and contract strength of quadriceps muscles were analyzed by three dimensional motion analysis system and electromyograph (EMG) in three healthy men.ResultsFor the moment of force of knee joint, there were differences among different styles of ascending and descending stairs, but there were no differences in angles of knee joint flexion. The contract strength of quadriceps muscles during ascending stairs was stronger than that during descending stairs.Conclusion There are differences of knee joint moment and quadriceps muscles activities among 4 strategies during descending, and it is shown that quadriceps muscles' activities and knee joint moment became smaller during forward stepping, double stepping on one stair, side stepping, and 45°side stepping in sequence during descending stairs.