人全血热原试验细胞因子法研究进展

Development of a pyrogen test by measuring cytokine based on human whole blood

当免疫细胞尤其是血液中的单核细胞和巨噬细胞与进入体内的热原物质接触后会分泌一些信号分子,这些信号分子包括白介素-1、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α等细胞因子,它们可直接和间接引起机体的体温升高,因此被称为内源性热原。在这组内源性热原中,研究得最清楚的是IL-1。利用这一反应机理作为一种检测热原的新方法,将被测样品与健康供血者提供的少量血液共同孵育,任何能引起产生IL-1的热原都能用ELISA方法检测出来。本文综述了人全血热原试验细胞因子法的背景、原理、方法与验证、应用、影响因素及展望。

When cells of the immune system,especially blood monocytes and macrophages,come into contact with pyrogenic(fever-inducing)contaminations.they secrete messenger molecules which include cytokines interleukin IL-1,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induce increases in body temperature via direct and indirect actions on the brain and are believed to act as endogenous pyrogens. Of this group of endogenous pyrogens,most is known about interleukin-1(IL-1).A new pyrogen test makes use of this reaction as a system for detection:The substances which are to be screened are incubated with a small volume of blood from a healthy donor. Any pyrogens present induce the production of IL-1 which can be detected by ELISA. This article describes the background,principles,method,examinations. application,affection factor,prospect of pyrogen test by measuring cytokine based on human whole blood.