1[1]Skoog SJ, Roberts KP, Goldstein M, et al.The adolescent varicocele: what's new with an old problem in young patients[J]? Pediatrics,1997,100 (1):112~115.
2[2]Vasavada S, Ross J, Nasrallah P, et al.Prepubertal varicoceles [J].Urology,1997,50 (5): 774~779.
3[3]Goldstein M.New insights into the etiology and treatment of male infertility[J]. J Urol,1997,158 (5): 1808~1811.
4[4]Paduch DA, Niedzielski J. Repair versus observation in adolescent varicocele: a prospective study [J]. J Urol,1997,158 (3 Pt 2): 1128~1135.
5[5]Lenzi A,Gandini L, Bagolan P, et al. Sperm parameters after early left varicocele treatment [J]. Fertil Steril,1998,69 (2): 347~353.
6[6]Meacham RB, Townsend RR, Rademacher D, et al. The incidence of varicoceles in the general population when evaluated by physical examination, gray scale sonography and color Doppler sonography [J].J Urol,1994,151 (6): 1535~1541.
7[7]Jarow JP, Coburn M, Sigman M. Incidence of varicoceles in men with primary and secondary infertility [J]. Urology,1996,47 (1): 73~77.
8[8]Sawczuk IS, Hensle TW, Burbige KA, et al. Varicoceles: effect on testicular volume in prepubertal and pubertal males [J]. Urology,1993,41 (5): 466~469.
9[9]Niedzielski J, Paduch D, Raczynski P. Assessment of adolescent varicocele [J]. Pediatr Surg Int,1997,12 (5-6): 410~412.
10[10]Wishahi MM. Anatomy of the spermatic venous plexus (pampiniform plexus) in men with and without varicocele: intraoperative venographic study [J]. J Urol,1992,147 (5): 1285~1289.