宝天曼自然保护区几种珍稀濒危兰科植物调查研究

A Floristic Study of Some Rare and Threatened Orchids in Baotianman Nature Reserve

通过实地调查研究,对宝天曼自然保护区珍稀濒危野生兰科植物的资源状况进行了概述。根据2002年2月至2003年2月六次实地考察结果,结合1987年卢炯林对河南省珍稀濒危植物的调查结果等,着重对几种原定为国家级和省级重点保护植物,如独花兰、大花杓兰、扇脉杓兰、曲茎石斛等的生物学研究意义、地理分布现状及生态特点进行了较为系统的阐述,分析了保护区内兰花资源面临的危机。并提出了保护和持续利用兰花资源的几点建议:(1)保护原地种源,建立种群保留地,进行长期观察研究;(2)加强保护区的管理,避免物种资源的流失和生态环境的衰退;(3)采用3S技术辅助开展对野生植物的分布、生存环境进行调查和研究;(4)利用现代生物技术,建立珍稀濒危兰花繁殖基地,进行物种迁地保护;(5)逐步进行可持续开发利用等。

Some rare and threatened orchids in Baotianman Nature Reserve were concisely depicted. According to the investigation on the spot from Feb. 2002 to Feb. 2003, combined the primary investigation and statistics of Lu Jionglin to the Henan Province rare and threatened plant in 1987, emphasized on some key protected plants of nation and province class, such as Changnienia amoena, Cypripedium japonicum, Cypripedium macranthum, Dendrobium flexicaule,and so on, discussed of its resource situation, geographical distribution, biological characters and ecological surroundings, and analyzed the crisis of the Baotianman Nature Reserve orchid resource faced on. Some recommendations for conservastion and expoitation were put forward: protect the original plant and observe for long period, environmental protection, using the 3S technique supervision and management of the environment, using morden biology technique to bulid propagation base for ex situ conservation study on sustainabale exploitation step by step.