生命中不可承受之轻与重——史铁生创作中的生死主题浅析

The Unbearable Lightness and Weight of Being——Analysis on Being and Death in Shi Tiesheng's works

在史铁生的全部创作中 ,生与死、命运与人生的思考一以贯之。本文通过对史铁生作品的文本细读和分析 ,揭示出作家通过文本所呈现出来的对生死的深刻思考和体悟。史铁生作品中对死亡似乎存在着颇为矛盾的两种态度 ,存在着一个难解的悖论 :一方面是对死亡的恐惧和千方百计的逃避 ,另一方面却是对死感到无比的亲切并以死作为无上的福祉 ;而“生”在史铁生的作品中既是荒诞、偶然、宿命 ,是不可克服的人类困境 ,更意味着一种过程 ,意味着认真地执著于活着而超越生死 !于是 ,人在生与死之间进行着痛苦的拉锯战和艰难的抉择 ,认真地体验着生命中不可承受之轻与重。

In Shi Tiesheng's works, being and death are often discussed along with destiny and life.There seems to be two contradictory attitudes towards death in Shi Tiesheng's works. It is a paradox. First, human being often want to escape from death by every possible means; on the other hand, human being also look death as good fortune, even gospel. As for being, it is not only fantastic, accidental, destiny (fatalism) and dilemma that human being can't conquer, but also a kind of process that means despising death through taking life seriously.So human being should learn life through their own experiences after they had difficult choice between being and death.