急性高容量血液稀释对全髋关节置换术患者血小板膜糖蛋白表达的影响

Effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution on expression of CD62P and CD63 on platelet

目的 评价急性高容量血液稀释(AHH)对全髋关节置换术患者血小板激活程度和血小板凝血功能的影响。方法 ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级骨科择期全髋关节置换术患者20例,随机分为羟乙基淀粉(HES)组和乳酸钠林格溶液(LR)组,每组10例。于静脉麻醉诱导后以25ml/kg的剂量和30ml·kg^(-1)·h^(-1)的速率分别输入HES和LR。采用流式细胞术定量测定诱导前(T_1)、AHH前(T_2)、输注开始后15min(T_3)、30min(T_4)和45min(T_5)血小板膜糖蛋白(CD62P和CD63)的表达量。结果 HES组T_3、T_4和T_5的CD62P表达水平较T_1有显著性增高(P<0.05或0.01),较T_2有非常显著性增高(P<0.01);两组T_2的CD62P表达水平较T_1显著性降低(P<0.05)。两组各时点的CD63表达水平均无明显变化。结论 HES术前、术中行AHH能明显增强血小板表面CD62P的表达,促进血小板活化。

Objective To assess the effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different hemodiluents on activation of platelets. Method Twenty ASA I-II patients undergoing total hip replacement under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. They averaged 54 ~ 76 years and 50 ~ 74 kg. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 2 mg.kg-1 and atropine 0.01 mg. kg-1 . Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 2ug. kg-1 , dropendol 50 ug. kg-1 , midazolam 40 ug. kg-1 and propofol 1 mg.kg-1. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with vecuronium 0. 1 mg.kg-1 . Anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol (2-4mg.kg-1. h-1) and vecuronium (0.06-0.2 mg. kg.h-1) and isoflurane inhalation. Radial artery and right suhelavian vein were eannulated for BP and CVP monitoring. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 patients in each group : (A) HES group received hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 25 ml.kg-1 and (B) LR group received Ringer's lactate solution 25 ml.kg-1. In both groups HES or RL solution was infused at a rate of 30 ml-kg-1.h-1 after induetion oi anesthesia. Venous blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia (T1 ), before AHH (T1 ), 15 min ( T3 ) , 30 min ( T4 ) and 45 min ( T5 ) after the beginning of AHH for determination of the percentage of CD62P and CD63 positive platelet using flow eytometry. ECG, HR, MAP, CVP and urine output were continuously monitored. Small doses of nitroglyeerin were given according to CVP monitoring. Results CD62P expression at T3 , T4 and T5 was significantly higher than that at T, ( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ) and T2 (P < 0.01 ) in HES group, while there was no significant change in CD62P after AHH in RL group. There was no significant change in CD63 after AHH in both groups.Conclusion AHH with HES before surgery and during surgery can enhance expression of GD62P on platelet, and promote platelet activation.