淮河水系东方次睾吸虫生态学初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON ECOLOGY OF METORCHIS ORIENTALIS IN HUAIHE RIVER BASIN IN CHINA

目的 调查淮河水系是否存在东方次睾吸虫及其孳生特性。 方法 采集家鸭粪便 ,以透明厚涂片法查找东方次睾吸虫卵 ;取麦穗鱼肉压片和研细、水洗、沉淀、镜检 ,分离麦穗鱼体内囊蚴 ,并将分离获得的囊蚴感染雏鸭 ;解剖人工感染的雏鸭 ,从胆总管及肝胆管内分离成虫。取纹沼螺经压片、镜检 ,分离雷蚴和尾蚴。 结果 家鸭粪便中东方次睾吸虫卵阳性率为 17.17% (10 3/6 0 0 ) ;家鸭胆总管和肝胆管内成虫的检出率为 18.33% (11/6 0 ) ;经囊蚴感染的雏鸭肝脏内可分离出成虫。麦穗鱼中囊蚴检出率为 6 .6 7% (8/12 0 )。纹绍螺体内雷蚴和尾蚴阳性率为 0 .6 0 % (6 /10 0 0 )。 结论 淮河水系存在东方次睾吸虫 ,其可在纹绍螺、麦穗鱼、雏鸭体内孳生、繁殖 ,完成生活史。

Objective To investigate whether there is Metorchis orientalis in Huaihe River or not and its characteristics of breeding. Methods The eggs of M. orientalis in dung of the ducks were detected by the method of Kato's thick smear. The encysted metacercaria in Pseudorasbora parva were separated by tabletting, washing, sedimentation, microscopy, and infected the brood ducks artificially again. The adult worms in common bile duct and hepatic duct of ducks bought from fishermen and the experimental brood ducks were separated after dissection. The rediae and cercariae in Parafossarulus striatulus were separated by tabletting, microscopy. Results The positive rate of eggs of M. orientalis in stool of ducks was 17.17%(103/600), and the positive rate of adult warm in common bile duct and hepatic duct of ducks was 18.33%(11/60). The adult warm in liver of ducklines infected by encysted metacercaria could be separated. The positive rate of encysted metacercaria in P. striatulus was 6.67%(8/120), and the positive rate of rediae and cercariae in P. parva was 0.60%(6/1000). Conclusion In order to accomplish life cycle, M. orientalis can be lived in Huaihe River and can be bred in P. striatulus, P. parva and brood ducks respectively.