江滩型地区不同季节人群接触疫水行为规律的研究

Study on the water contact behavior of human beings in the areas along the Changjiang river in different seasons

目的 了解在当前社会、经济状况下江滩型地区不同季节人群接触疫水行为规律 ,为制定该类地区血吸虫病防治对策提供依据。方法 采用回顾性问卷调查的方法对 5周岁以上居民按事先设计的调查表 ,询问 4～ 10月份接触疫水情况 ,调查每月进行 1次。结果 不同人群不同月份之间疫水接触率表现为 5、6、7、8月显著高于 4、9、10月 ;不同人群日均接触频次 6、7、8月最高 ,4、5月次之 ,9、10月最低 ;洗涤是主要的接触疫水方式 ,尤其是女性占 87.7～ 94.3 % ,其次男性在 4、5月以涉水为主要方式 ,占 3 9.1～ 43 .5 % ,学生 6、7、8月份以戏水为主 ,占 46.3～ 72 .6%。结论 夏季是主要的接触疫水季节 ,生活性接触为主要接触方式。

Objectives To understand the pattern of human water contact behavior within different seasons in the areas along the Changjiang river under the present rural social and economic conditions in order to provide theoretical foundation for the formulation of the strategy of schistosomiasis control. Methords People aged older than 5 were inquired monthly about their water contact activities during the period of today, yesterday and the day before yesterday with the method of retrospective questioning investigation. Results The rates of water contact in May, June, July, August were generally significantly higher than the rates in April, September and October in different groups. The daily average frequency of water contact in June, July and August was highest of all invested months, and that in April and May was higher than that in September and October. Washing was the chief way of water contact, especially in women. The rate of washing in women accounted for 87.7～94.3%. Wading was also one of the chief contact ways of males in April and in May, taking up 39.1～43.5%. Water playing was also one of the chief ways of pupils in June, July and August, accounting for 46.3～72.6%. Conclusion Summer was the chief water contact season, and contact for living was the chief way.