对生态系统及生物多样性等理论问题的探讨

Discussion on the Theroy of Ecosystem and Biodiversity

在简述生态系统基本特征的基础上,对生态系统是非平衡系统,是典型的耗散自组织系统进行论述;并对系统有序、无序、混沌状态的概念和相关关系及渐变、突变、分岔的区别作解释。阐述生命自组织的基本特性及新种的形成过程,同时用熵值作为生物多样性评价指标,证明了一个系统的熵值增加,物种多样性就丰富,熵值减少,物种多样性就较差。笔者还就生物多样性与生态系统的稳定性问题进行了讨论,认为生物多样性与生态系统的稳定性没有必然的联系。

Based on the brief description of the feature and characterizations of ecosystem,this work mainly concludes the ecosystem as a typical selforganized structure system,with nonequilibrium and dissipated/dispatched features.The work explained the concepts of ordered,disordered and chaos status of ecosystems and distinguishes the differences among related gradual change,mutation and forking in evolution of the system.The paper elaborates the features of selforganizing and procedure of emergence of new species and introduces entropy as a trait to assess/evaluate the biodiversities in the system:biodiversity becomes complicated and abundance as the value of entropy increases,vice versa,biodiversity becomes simple and few as the value of entropy decreases.This paper also approaches the relations between biodiversities and stabilities of ecosystem and concludes that there is no natural link between biodiversity and stability in the ecosystem.