木塑复合工艺因子对复合材料性能的影响

THE EFFECT OF THE PROCESS FACTORS ON THE PROPERTIES OF WOOD-PLASTICS COMPOSITE PANELS

选用 2种人工林木材 (马尾松与杨木 )和 3种废弃塑料 (聚乙烯、聚丙烯及聚苯乙烯 )为原料 ,采用木材与塑料冷混 -热压工艺 ,通过正交试验研究不同树种、木材组元形态、补强剂、塑料种类、板材密度及不同木塑混合比等复合工艺因子对木塑复合材料性能的影响。结果表明 :树种、木材组元形态、塑料种类、木塑复合比例、板材密度与补强剂等复合工艺因子对木塑复合材料性能有不同程度的影响 ;提高塑料在木塑复合材料中的比例也可以达到与添加酚醛补强剂同样或更好的结果 ;以杨木原料、细长刨花形态、聚丙烯塑料、板材密度为 1g·cm- 3等为最佳复合工艺因子 ,制成的复合材料性能达到或超过相关普通刨花板 。

The influence of the process factors on the wood\|plastics composite panels' physical\|mechanical properties were studied in the paper. Two tree species 〔Masson Pine( Pinus massoniana ) and poplar( Populus sp.)〕 and three plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene) were used as main raw materials. The different process factors, such as tree species, wood component forms and sizes, kinds of plastics, densities of the composite panels, strengthening additive and the mixing ratio between the wood material and the plastics, were examined in the cold mixing\|hot pressing processes for making wood\|plastics composite panels. The results showed that the tree species, wood material forms and sizes, the plastics varieties and proportion, panel densities and the strengthening additive affected the properties of the composite panels. The property of composite increasing the ratio of plastics in the panels was as good as adding phenol formaldehyde resin strengthening additive to the panels. With the significance test and the factor level effect value comparing, it could be known that the poplar wood material, slighter and longer flakes, high polypropylene plastics and high panel density (1 g·cm -3 ) were excellent process factors. The properties of the composite formed with the factors mentioned above exceeded that of the common flake board including the structure flake board.