广东增城主要森林群落优势种群的生态位研究

Study on Niche of the Woody Species in the Major Forest Communities in Zengcheng City

在广东省增城市次生林区和马尾松林、南洋楹林和湿地松林等主要人工林群落中设置了76个100m2的样方,开展这些群落优势种群的生态位研究.结果显示,变叶榕(Ficusvariolosa)、山乌桕(Sapiumdiscolor)、罗浮柿(Diospyrosmorrisiana)和山苍子(Listeacubeba)等阳性、鸟播树种具有较高的生态位宽度,大多数次生林种类均具有较小的生态位宽度和生态位重叠.南洋楹与较多植物种类有较大的生态位重叠,反映南洋楹能与较多的乡土种类共存.建议根据植物生态位特点,采用相应的方法促进天然林树种的恢复和发展.

The niche breadth and overlap of the dominant species in the major forest communities of Zengcheng City were studied. Seventy-six 100-m^2 plots, including 28 plots in the secondary forest and 16 plots in plantations of Pinus massoniana,P. elliottii and Albizia falcataria, respectively,were surveyed. The species with the widest niche breadth are Ficus variolosa, Sapium discolor, Diospyros morrisiana, and Listea cubeba, which are light demanding and bird-dispersed species. Most of the trees confined to the secondary forest had narrow niche breadth and overlap. The niche of Albizia falcataria was overlapped with more local species than other plantation species, which indicated that it shared with more local species. We suggest enhancing rehabilitation and development of native forest species by suitable approaches based on their niche differences.