大庆市稻田鼠害调查与药剂防治试验初报

Preliminary Report on the Paddy Rodent Infestation and It's Chemical Control in Daqing City

目的 了解大庆市稻田的害鼠种类、密度及活动高峰期 ,鼠害发生面积及观察敌鼠隆和溴敌隆在我市稻区的防制效果。方法 用中型钢板鼠夹 ,采用夹夜法测定鼠密度 ,对捕获的害鼠进行种类鉴定 ,评价灭鼠效果。结果 经调查我市稻区内有害鼠 5种 ,优势种为大仓鼠 (占 5 2 % ) ;1999年调查林甸县平均鼠密度为 2 3 .0 % ,肇源县为 19.0 % ,杜蒙县为 47.0 %。鼠害发生高峰期主要在春季水稻返青期和秋季稻穗灌浆以后 ;应用敌鼠隆和溴敌隆田间大面积防治试验 ,春、秋两季的灭鼠率分别为 87.4%、78.1%和 83 .9%、74.4% ;稻苗被害率明显降低 ,且无二次中毒现象 ,安全性较高。结论 水稻返青期和秋季的水稻灌浆以后是大庆市稻田灭鼠的两个关键时期 ,敌鼠隆和溴敌隆对害鼠有较好的毒杀效果 ,适合在我市稻区推广应用。

Objective To investigate the rodent infestation in rice field in Daqing and to observe the rodent control effect by rodenticide.Methods To evaluate the control effect by the capture rates with night trap method.Results There were five species of hamful rodent in the paddy of Daqing, Cricetulus triton, Apodemus agrarius, Cricetulus barabensis, Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus, among them Cricetulus triton and Apodemus agrarius were dominant species 52% and 24%; the peak period ranged from the rice returning the green in spring to the rice mature in autumn; brodifacoum and bromadiolone were used to control rats of paddy field in spring and autumn, with the control effect respectively for 87.4%, 78.1% and 83.9%, 74.4%; Seedling damaged by rats was obviously lower. There had no secondary poisonation phenomenon. Conclusion The rodent control measures were suitable and worth to propaganda our city paddy field.